This should only be used in some case, including emacs and java. Emacs has ahistorical bug, that under en_US.UTF-8 or similar locale, it will never use XIM (Though emacs is a gtk app, it use XIM). The only way to walkaround this is to use LC_CTYPE to fix this.

This was one of most obnoxious problems. With installation of my favorite Sougou(搜狗) IME, I can input Chinese in any application (even in Terminal) with Sougou but emacs. After banging my head on this issue for a long time, following is what I have figured out, and yes, it is working fine now.

Following are some notes while I was doing the debugging. Hope it will help some souls out there.

1. First, testing Emacs without any customization.

   
   

   1 2	Emacs -Q &

   works fine with C-~ to switch and input with Fcitx, which means it works fine without any customization of Emacs.

2. However,when Emacs started with -q –no-site-file –no-init-file –no-splash any combination, Fctix stops working.
3. After some research, what I figured out is that the ‘ -Q’ argument automatically sets inhibit-x-resources to t, in addition to prevent the initialization of site and init files. link1 link2

4. To my surprise, after disable ~./Xresoures, and restart Arch Linux, Fcitx works fine with Emacs. Please note that the Emacs built-in IME still could be evoked with C-\.

   I have following code in ./Xresources

   
   

   1 2	emacs*useXIM: false

   In script file .xprofile, add following lines to support GTK+ and Qt modules Fcitx in Arch Linux.

   
   

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   export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx

5. Following are related setting about locale in Arch Linux.

   
   

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   [taurus /etc] $ cd profile.d/ [taurus /etc/profile.d] $ cat locale.sh #this is where Arch generate locale #!/bin/sh if [ -z "$LANG" ]; then if [ -n "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME" ] && [ -r "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/locale.conf" ]; then . "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/locale.conf" elif [ -n $HOME ] && [ -r $HOME/.config/locale.conf ]; then    . "$HOME/.config/locale.conf"    elif [ -r /etc/locale.conf ]; then    . /etc/locale.conf    fi    fi    LANG=en_US.UTF-8    #LANG=${LANG:-C}    export LANG    [ -n "$LC_CTYPE" ]          && export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_NUMERIC" ]        && export LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_TIME" ]           && export LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_COLLATE" ]        && export LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_MONETARY" ]       && export LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_MESSAGES" ]       && export LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_PAPER" ]          && export LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_NAME" ]           && export LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_ADDRESS" ]        && export LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_TELEPHONE" ]      && export LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_MEASUREMENT" ]    && export LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"    [ -n "$LC_IDENTIFICATION" ] && export LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"

   
   

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   taurus /etc/profile.d] $ locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ALL=

   
   

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   [taurus /etc/profile.d] $ locale -a C en_US.utf8 POSIX zh_CN.utf8

   
   

   1 2 3 4

   ~/.config] $ cat locale.conf LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_TYPE=zh.CN.UTF-8

6. Hope this will be of help to someone.

fcitx stops working after recent update 09/14/2019. It is refuse to work even when I update to Emacs 26.

emacs中文问题（输入法无法呼出）.

1. use fcitx-diagnose to check fcitx setting manually removed /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/lib32, fixed error in fcitx-diagnose.

2. fcitx-diagnosis

   
   

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   # System Info: 1.  `uname -a`:   Linux sagittarius 5.3.1-arch1-1-ARCH #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Sep 21 11:33:49 UTC 2019 x86_64 GNU/Linux   2.  `lsb_release -a`:   LSB Version: 1.4 Distributor ID: Arch Description: Arch Linux Release: rolling Codename: n/a   3.  `lsb_release -d`:   Description: Arch Linux   4.  `/etc/lsb-release`:   LSB_VERSION=1.4 DISTRIB_ID=Arch DISTRIB_RELEASE=rolling DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Arch Linux"   5.  `/etc/os-release`:   NAME="Arch Linux" PRETTY_NAME="Arch Linux" ID=arch BUILD_ID=rolling ANSI_COLOR="0;36" HOME_URL="https://www.archlinux.org/" DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://wiki.archlinux.org/" SUPPORT_URL="https://bbs.archlinux.org/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.archlinux.org/" LOGO=archlinux   6.  Desktop Environment:   Desktop environment is `xfce`.   7.  Bash Version:   BASH_VERSION='5.0.9(1)-release'   # Environment: 1.  DISPLAY:   DISPLAY=':0.0'   2.  Keyboard Layout:   1.  `setxkbmap`:   xkb_keymap {     xkb_keycodes  { include "evdev+aliases(qwerty)" };     xkb_types     { include "complete" };     xkb_compat    { include "complete" };     xkb_symbols   { include "pc+us+inet(evdev)" };     xkb_geometry  { include "pc(pc105)" }; };   2.  `xprop`:   _XKB_RULES_NAMES(STRING) = "evdev", "pc105", "us", "", ""   3.  Locale:   1.  All locale:   C en_US.utf8 POSIX zh_CN.utf8   2.  Current locale:   LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ALL=   4.  Directories:   1.  Home:   /home/tan   2.  `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}`:   Environment variable `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is set to `/home/tan/.config`.   Current value of `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is `~/.config` (`/home/tan/.config`).   3.  Fcitx Settings Directory:   Current fcitx settings directory is `~/.config/fcitx` (`/home/tan/.config/fcitx`).   5.  Current user:   The script is run as tan (1001).   # Fcitx State: 1.  executable:   Found fcitx at `/usr/bin/fcitx`.   2.  version:   Fcitx version: `4.2.9.5`   3.  process:   Found 2 fcitx processes:   16470 fcitx 16479 fcitx-dbus-watc   4.  `fcitx-remote`:   `fcitx-remote` works properly.   5.  DBus interface:   Using `dbus-send` to check dbus.   Owner of DBus name `org.fcitx.Fcitx` is `:1.58`.   PID of DBus name `org.fcitx.Fcitx` owner is `16470`.   # Fcitx Configure UI: 1.  Config Tool Wrapper:   Found fcitx-configtool at `/usr/bin/fcitx-configtool`.   2.  Config GUI for gtk2:   **Config GUI for gtk2 not found.**   3.  Config GUI for gtk3:   Found `fcitx-config-gtk3` at `/usr/bin/fcitx-config-gtk3`.   4.  Config GUI for kde:   # Frontends setup: ## Xim: 1.  `${XMODIFIERS}`:   Environment variable XMODIFIERS is set to "@im=fcitx" correctly. Xim Server Name from Environment variable is fcitx.   2.  XIM_SERVERS on root window:   Xim server name is the same with that set in the environment variable.   ## Qt: 1.  qt4 - `${QT4_IM_MODULE}`:   Environment variable QT_IM_MODULE is set to "fcitx" correctly.   2.  qt5 - `${QT_IM_MODULE}`:   Environment variable QT_IM_MODULE is set to "fcitx" correctly.   3.  Qt IM module files:   Found fcitx im module for Qt5: `/usr/lib/qt/plugins/platforminputcontexts/libfcitxplatforminputcontextplugin.so`. Found fcitx qt module: `/usr/lib/fcitx/qt/libfcitx-quickphrase-editor5.so`. Found fcitx im module for Qt4: `/usr/lib/qt4/plugins/inputmethods/qtim-fcitx.so`.   ## Gtk: 1.  gtk - `${GTK_IM_MODULE}`:   Environment variable GTK_IM_MODULE is set to "fcitx" correctly.   2.  `gtk-query-immodules`:   1.  gtk 2:   Found `gtk-query-immodules` for gtk `2.24.32` at `/usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-2.0`. Version Line:   # Created by /usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-2.0 from gtk+-2.24.32   Found fcitx im modules for gtk `2.24.32`.   "/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-fcitx.so" "fcitx" "Fcitx (Flexible Input Method Framework)" "fcitx" "/usr/share/locale" "ja:ko:zh:*"   2.  gtk 3:   Found `gtk-query-immodules` for gtk `3.24.10` at `/usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-3.0`. Version Line:   # Created by /usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-3.0 from gtk+-3.24.10   Found fcitx im modules for gtk `3.24.10`.   "/usr/lib/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/immodules/im-fcitx.so" "fcitx" "Fcitx (Flexible Input Method Framework)" "fcitx" "/usr/share/locale" "ja:ko:zh:*"   3.  Gtk IM module cache:   1.  gtk 2:   Found immodules cache for gtk `2.24.32` at `/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules.cache`. Version Line:   # Created by /usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-2.0 from gtk+-2.24.32   Found fcitx im modules for gtk `2.24.32`.   "/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-fcitx.so" "fcitx" "Fcitx (Flexible Input Method Framework)" "fcitx" "/usr/share/locale" "ja:ko:zh:*"   2.  gtk 3:   Found immodules cache for gtk `3.24.10` at `/usr/lib/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/immodules.cache`. Version Line:   # Created by /usr/bin/gtk-query-immodules-3.0 from gtk+-3.24.10   Found fcitx im modules for gtk `3.24.10`.   "/usr/lib/gtk-3.0/3.0.0/immodules/im-fcitx.so" "fcitx" "Fcitx (Flexible Input Method Framework)" "fcitx" "/usr/share/locale" "ja:ko:zh:*"   4.  Gtk IM module files:   1.  gtk 2:   All found Gtk 2 immodule files exist.   2.  gtk 3:   All found Gtk 3 immodule files exist.   # Configuration: ## Fcitx Addons: 1.  Addon Config Dir:   Found fcitx addon config directory: `/usr/share/fcitx/addon`.   2.  Addon List:   1.  Found 32 enabled addons:   fcitx-autoeng fcitx-autoeng-ng fcitx-chttrans fcitx-classic-ui fcitx-clipboard fcitx-dbus fcitx-freedesktop-notify fcitx-fullwidth-char fcitx-fullwidth-char-enhance fcitx-googlepinyin fcitx-imselector fcitx-ipc fcitx-ipcportal fcitx-keyboard fcitx-kimpanel-ui fcitx-notificationitem fcitx-pinyin fcitx-pinyin-enhance fcitx-punc fcitx-punc-ng fcitx-quickphrase fcitx-remote fcitx-sogoucloudpinyin fcitx-sogoupinyin fcitx-spell fcitx-table fcitx-unicode fcitx-vk fcitx-x11 fcitx-xim fcitx-xkb fcitx-xkbdbus   2.  Found 1 disabled addons:   fcitx-qw   3.  Addon Libraries:   All libraries for all addons are found.   4.  User Interface:   Found 2 enabled user interface addons:   fcitx-classic-ui fcitx-kimpanel-ui   Kimpanel process:   16301 sogou-qimpanel -session 250992e7d-317d-4153-a51a-acb704b5ea6d_1569716362_135860   ## Input Methods: 1.  Found 4 enabled input methods:   fcitx-keyboard-us pinyin googlepinyin sogoupinyin   2.  Default input methods:   You have a keyboard input method "fcitx-keyboard-us" correctly added as your default input method.   # Log: 1.  `date`:   Sat 28 Sep 2019 06:51:07 PM PDT   2.  `~/.config/fcitx/log/`:   total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 tan users 44 Sep 27 20:20 crash.log   3.  `~/.config/fcitx/log/crash.log`:   fcitx: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter)

3. xlsfonts |grep r-normal–14 check fonts

4. start Emacs with presetting

   
   

   1 2	LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8 XMODIFIERS=@im=xim emacs

5. played with ./xprofile and .pam_environment
6. daemon and client mode with Emacs 26 added Environment variables. Arch and Arch
7. regenerate the locale
8. fontconfig see Arch Fonts
9. http://t.hengwei.me/post/Fcitx-and-Fonts-setting.html

10. font-path in xorg Emacs 24.3 with FCITX input methods{Resolved in 14.2} – Page 2 – Salix OS Emacs GUI下不能输入中文 – Emacs-general – Emacs China

    新建 /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/fonts.conf 写入

    
    

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    Section "Files" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/misc" FontPath "你的/字体/路径"" EndSection

    记得在你的字体目录下

    
    

    1 2 3 4

    mkfontdir mkfontscale fc-cache -v

11. How to install Chinese fonts and input method in Arch Linux